Four-Dimensional (4D) printing develops materials that alter their properties and behaviours based on external stimuli such as changes in temperature, pressure etc. Four-Dimensional printing, an extension of three-dimensional printing, is superior to conventional manufacturing techniques in terms of performance, efficiency and quality, and can create new products with increased capabilities. Research work is ongoing on the 4D printing technology and is expected to be commercialized by 2019. It is expected that, the 4D market will grow at a CAGR of 40% during 2019-2027.

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